Electrical system of distribution.



J. BIJUR. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION FILED APR.'7, 1911.

1,131,316. Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

2 SHBETSSHEET l.

' ATTORNEYS J. BIJUR.

ELEGTRIGAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 7, 1911.

1,131,316. 7 Patented Mar.9,1915

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

STATES PATENT OFFICE;

BIJUR, or NEW YORK, 11. Y., ASSIGNQR r0 THE SAFETY can. nEATINe Ani) LIGHTING 00.; or Yoa nix; A oonronaprrou on NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIQAL sYsrErr or msrnrsurron.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEP BIJUR, at citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems of Distribution, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to electrical distribution and regulation,

One of the objects thereof is to provide a practical and efiicient system for regulating various functions of the output of a source of current to meet the conditions of use.

Another object is to provide a system of the above type in which the current is so regulated, as best to adapt it for the charging of storage-batteries.

Another object is to provide a simple and effective charge-decreasing device which upon actuation will not act as a disturbing factor in the system of regulation.

Another object is to provide in a system of electrical distribution peculiarly adapted for lighting railway cars simple means whereby the output of the generator is partially governed by the demands for current of the lamps. 9

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter, The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein are shown one or more various possible embodiments of the several features of this invention, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan; Fig. 2 is a detail sectional View taken substantially along the line X X of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan of a slightly different form of system.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is shown a generator 1 provided with Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 7, 1911. Serial No. 619,49Q.

a shunt field winding 2, in series with which are connected the sets of carbon disks 8 and 4 con o 1ntly forming a pressure-controlled variable resistance medium. The pressure nates in a member 12 coacting with the electro-ma-gnet 13 Coaxially mounted with respect to shaft 8 but rotatable independently thereof is a rocking lever 14, one end of which is provided with a retracting spring 15 and dash-pot 16 and the remaining arm coacts with a magnet 17. This lever 14' swings freely throughout a portion of its travel, but upon being attracted by magnet 17 to a suflicient extent, will contact an arm 18 formed on the crank 7 and upon further downward movement will depress this arm, thereby coacting with the lever 9 in tending to withdraw pressure plate 5\ and relieve pressure upon the resistance medium. The details of this device are not herein set forth or shown in the drawings as they are fully described in my copending application, Serial No. 595,070, filed December 1, 1910.

Leading from generator 1 is a conductor 19 which passes through the series coil 17 and a series coil of a few turns upon the magnet 13. From thispoint conductor 19 switch and thence through the contact arm 21 to the main 22. Main 23 leads directly from the remaining generator terminal and across the mains are bridged. a secondary battery 24 and lamps or other translating devices 25. In the main 23 is serially connected an automatic voltage regulator 26 which may be of the type described in my co-pending application, above referred to, and serially disposed in main 22, between the battery and the lamps, is a current coil 27, the function of which is hereinafter described.

Bridged across the generator is a circuit containing a voltage coil upon the magnet 13, this coil being so wound and proportioned as to be of predominating influence in forming the field of the magnet. A

resistance element 28 is serially connected with this coil and between successive portions of this resistance taps 29 lead to contact fingers 30 which may rest upon the insulating rod 31. generator is the voltage coil 32 of the main switch, which performs its well known functions, and a voltage coil 33 mounted upon a bracket or frame34. Pivotally connected with the lower end of this frame is a swinging armature 35 bearing a stepped insulated contact member 36, the form of which'is best indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. This armature is normally held in depressed position, as by the spring 37,"and its upward action may be retarded by a suitable dashpot indicated at 38. Upon the magnet 33 attaining sufficient power, however, the armature 35 slowly swings upwardly and successively contacts the fingers 30, lifting them from the rod 31 and progressively short-circuiting a portion of the resistance 28 by sections.

Armature 35 is provided with a lug 39, beneath which a swinging latch40 is urged lightly by a spring 41. This latch normally tends, upon the armature 35 being raised, to hold the latter against retraction, but coil 27 is so disposed that upon suitable current flowing to the lamps the latch is attracted and armature released.

The operation of the above described apparatus is substantially as follows :Assuming that the generator be running at sufiicient speed to close the main switch, the battery will be charged and the charging current limited in voltage by the predominating effect of the voltage coil of magnet 13. The magnet 17 limits the charging current to prevent overload and coacts with magnet 13 to charge at substantially full current throughout the major portion of the charging. As the current falls off, however, the lever 14 is retracted by spring 15 until it is out of engagement with the arm 18 and the charge is tapered off at substantially constant voltage. The few current turns, however, upon magnet 13, by the loss of their field strength as the current diminishes, cause a slight increase of voltage in the charging current. Upon the battery becoming completely charged, the coil 33 will attain sufficient field strength to raise the armature 35 and bring the contact member 36 successively into engagement with the contacts 30. This will progressively cut out the resistance 28 and correspondingly strengthen the voltage coil of magnet 13 in such manner that the voltage of the generator will be reduced below that of the battery and the charge stopped, the mains fall ing to the voltage of the charged battery. This gradual action will occasion a correspondingly gradual drop in voltage across the mains and thus permit the voltage regu- Also bridged across the lator 26 to correct the same without occasioning a drop in voltage on the lamps. The armature 35 is automatically held in raised position, thus preventing the resumption of work by the generator until the lamps are thrown in circuit, whereupon armature 35 is released.

By locking the armature 35 in raised position the useless opening and closing of this device each time the generator stops or slows down is avoided, and yet if the lamp load be on the battery charge depleted, the armature of the cutoff is released and the generator may perform its functions in assuming the load.

Referring to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the entire system is substantially the same except the form of the dynamo regulator. In this regulator the variable resistance medium 42 is provided with movable pressure plates 43 and 44 respectively disposed at each end thereof. Contacting these plates are bellcrank levers 45 and 46 respectively controlled by the magnets 17 and 13, connected as in the apparatus first described. Suitable dash-pots 47 are connected with the cores of these magnets and the levers are respectively provided with arms 48 and 49 leading to adjustable retracting springs 50 which urge the levers substantially against stops 51.

In the action of the apparatus last described, the magnets 17 and 13 conjointly govern the variable resistance medium, and upon either magnet attaining sufiicient strength to swing the lever away from the stop 51, it will correspondingly increase the resistance. The stops 51 also perform the function of preventing one lever from following as the other is retracted and thus moving the resistance medium bodily without proportionately changing the pressure thereon. These stops are preferablv sub stantially in contact with the levers but there may be a slight looseness in this contact in order to permit the springs to exert their full action. In other respects the action of this system is the same as that first described. It will thus be seen that there is provided apparatus in which the aims of this invention are achieved and that this apparatus is of an essentially simple and practical character and is accurate and reliable in action.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made withoutdeparting from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall and not in a be interpreted as illustrative limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween. v a

Having described my invention, What I claim as new and desire .to secure by Letters Patent is: 4

1. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator having a shunt field Winding, a variable resistance medium operatively related to said winding, electromagnetic means adapted to aifect said variable resistance, said electro-magnetic means comprising a voltage coil and a current coil, both continuously operative upon said medium and the voltage coil being of predominating 'efl'ect and means adapted to vary automatically the power of said voltage coil in accordance with the condition of the battery.

2. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, electro-magnetic means tending to limit the voltage of the output of the generator, and an intermittently operative current-controlled device adapted to cut down the generator output upon the current exceeding a predetermined value, said electro-magnetic means comprising a voltage coil and a current coil coacting therewith.

3; In'apparatus of the class described, in

combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged from said generator, a coil Wound and connected to render its field substantially proportional to the generator current, a compound coil having a generator voltage winding and a current windin traversed by generator current, both 0 said coils being continuously connected in the use of the apparatus during the charging of said battery, Iiieans adapted to vary the generator putput, and means adapted to render said voutput-varyin means continuously affected by one of sai coils and intermittently affected by the other thereof. v

4. In apparatus of the class described, in combination a generator, a variable resistance in the field of said generator, a magnet continuously connected to, receive the current output of said generator, a magnet having a wlnding continuously connected in a circuit across said generator and a Winding traversed by generator current, and means adapted to be'operated by one or both of sa1d magnets to vary sa1d resistance.

5. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery, a magnet continuously connected to receive the current output of said generator, a magvinsiiiig traver al net having a: volt .e winding connected in a circuit across sai generator and acurrent y ge erator cur-rent,

and means'adapted to be operated by one or both of said magnets to cut down the current flowing from said generator.

6. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a variable resistance, means adapted upon movement to vary said resistance in accordance with its movement,-

means and having its-winding traversed by generator current.

7. In apparatus of the classdescribed, in combination, a generator having a shunt field Winding, a pressure-controlled variable resistance medium operatively related to said Winding, a storage-battery connected to receive current from said generator, a device adapted upon movement to vary the pressure upon said resistance medium, a compound electro-magnet' controlling said device and having a voltage winding in a circuit across said generator and a current Winding traversed by generator current, said voltage Winding being of predominating effect, a device adapted to move independently of said resistance medium throughout a portion of its range and to afi'ect said resistance medium upon further 1 the voltage of said battery adapted upon said voltage exceeding a certain value to cut down the charging current in successive steps.

9. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator voltage, and voltage-controlled means adapted to increase progressively the powerof said coil.

10. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current, a re sistance medium connected in series With said coil, and voltage-controlled means adapted to increase progressively the power of said coil by decreasing the resistance of said medium.

11. In apparatus of the class described,- in combination, a generator, a storage-batte y connected. to be charg d thereby, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current, and retarded voltage-controlled means adapted to increase progressively the power of said coil in successive steps.

12. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, lamps adapted to be connected with said generator in parallel with said battery, an automatic voltage regulator interposed between said battery and said lamps, and means controlled in accordance with the voltage of said battery adapted upon said voltage ex ceeding a certain value to cut down the current output of said generator in successive steps.

18.- In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, a voltage coil connected in a circuit across said generator, regulating apparatus for said generator operatively related to said voltage coil, a resistance element in series with said voltage coil, and voltage-controlled means adapted upon the voltage of the generator exceeding a certain value to successively cut out portions of said resistance element.

14. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator having a shunt field winding, a pressure-controlled variable resistance medium connected to aflect the current in said winding, means comprising a voltage coil connected in a circuit across said generator adapted to afl'ect said variable resistance medium, a resistance 'element in series with said voltage coil, a device adapted upon actuation to successively short-circuit sections of said resistance ele ment, and a voltage coil controlling the action of said device.

15. In apparatus of/the class described,

in combination, a generator, a storage-bat tery connected to be charged thereby, means adapted upon actuation to cut down the generator current, translating devices, conductors connected to lead current from said battery to said translating devices, means adapted to hold said first means in actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

16. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to cut down the charging current flowing to said battery, means adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means controlled in accordance with the current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

17. In apparatus of the class described, in

connected to be charged thereby, means adapted upon actuation to affect the charging current flowing to said battery, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means adapted to hold said first means in actuated position, and means controlled in accordance with current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

18. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to receive current therefrom, means-adapted upon actuation to affect the current flowing to said battery, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, a spring-actuated latch adapted to hold said means in actuated position, and means controlled in accordance With current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release said latch. i

19. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, at storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to cut down the charging current flowing to said battery, a

spring-actuated latch adapted to hold said cuit across the generator and a current winding traversed by generator current, and

voltage-controlled means adapted to increase progressively the power of said magnet.

21. In apparatus of the class descrlbed,

in c'ombination,a generator, a storage-bat- 1 tery connected to be charged thereby, means comprising an electro-magnet adapted to regulate the generator current, said electromagnet having a voltage winding connected in a circuit across said generator and a current winding traversed by generator current, and means controlled in accordance with the voltage of said battery adapted upon said voltage exceeding a certain value to cut down the charging current in successive steps.

22. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, a translation circuit adapted to be connected with said generator in parallel with said battery, an automatic voltage regulator interposed in said translation circuit, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the current output of said generator, and voltage-controlled means adapted to increase progressively the power of said coil.

23, In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, means comprising an electro-magnet adapted to regulate the generator current, said electromagnet having a voltage winding connected in a circuit across the generator and a current winding traversed by generator current, a resistance medium connected in series with said voltage winding, and voltage-controlled means adapted upon the voltage of the battery exceeding a certain value to progressively decrease the resistance of said mecuit across the generator and acurrent coil traversed by generator current, and voltagecontrolled means adapted upon. the voltage of said battery exceeding apredetermined value to cut down the charging current.

25. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, electro-magne'tic means tending to limit the voltage of the output of the generator, an intermittently operative current-controlled device adapted to cut down the generator output upon the current exceeding a predetermined value, said electro-magnetic means comprising a voltage coil connected in a circuit across the generator and a current coil traversed by generator current, and

voltage-controlled means adapted upon the voltage of said battery exceeding a predetermined value to increase the power of saidvoltage coil.

26. In apparatus of the class described, in, combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, elec- -tro-magnetic means tending to limit the.

voltage of the output of the generator, an intermittently operative current-controlled device adapted to cut down the generator output upon, the current exceeding a predetermined value, said electro-magnetic means comprising a voltage coil connected in a circuit across the generator and a current coil traversed by generator current, a resistance medium connected in series with said voltage coil, .andvoltage-controlled means'adapted upon the voltage of said bat- Ii tery exceeding a predetermined value to progressively decrease the resistance of said medium. y 1

27. In apparatus of the class described, in combinatioma generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, trans-- lating devices connected to receive current from said generator, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to increase the power of said coil, means adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same. i

28. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means comprising an electro-magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to increase the power of said coil, a spring-actuated latch adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means comprising a magnet traversed by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to attract said latch and release said voltage: controlled means. I V

29. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means comprising an electro magnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to increase progressively the power of said coil, means adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

30. In apparatus of the class described,in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby,translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means comprising an electromagnetic coil adapted to regulate the generator current and having in series therewith a resistance element, voltagecontrolled means adapted upon actuation to progressively decrease said resistance in series with said coil, a spring-actuated latch adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means comprising a magnet traversed by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to attract said latch and release said voltage-controlled means. 1 V

31. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a generator, at storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means comprising an electromagnet adapted to regulate the generator current, said electro-magnet having a voltage winding connected in a circuit across said generator and a current winding traversed by generator current, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to cut down the charging current in successive steps, means adapted to hold said voltagecontrolled means irf actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

32. In apparatus of the class, described, in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, means comprising anelectro-magnet adapted to regulate the generator current, said magnet having a voltage winding connected in a circuit across the generator and a current winding traversed by generator current, voltage-controlled fmeans adapted upon actuation to increase the power of said magnet, means adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

33. In apparatus of the class described,in combination, a generator, a storage-battery connected to be charged thereby, translating devices connected to receive current from said battery, electro-magnetic means tending to limit the voltage of the output of the generator, an intermittently operative current-controlled device adapted to cut down the generator output upon the current exceeding' a predetermined value, said electromagnetic means comprising a voltage coil connected in a circuit across the generator and a current coil traversed by generator current, a resistance element in series with said voltage coil, voltage-controlled means adapted upon actuation to progressively decrease the value of said resistance element, means adapted to hold said voltage-controlled means in actuated position, and means controlled by current flowing to said translating devices adapted to release the same.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature. in thepresence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH BIJUP Witnesses:

R. S. BLAIR, L. A. WATSON. 

